欧盟委员会5月8日审议并通过了贸易委员德古赫特提交的建议，拟对中国出口欧盟的光伏产品征收“临时性惩罚关税”。

The European Union委员会5月8日审议并通过了贸易委员德古赫特提交的建议,On China's photovoltaic products exports to the eu"Temporary tariff punishment".

　　贸易战箭在弦上 双方仍在斡旋

贸易战箭在弦上 Both sides are still in the mediation

　　尽管欧委会的讨论是闭门进行的，但决定一出，此间媒体便纷纷予以报道。一些欧盟高官也以“不透露姓名”的方式作了评论。

尽管欧委会的讨论是闭门进行的,But decided to a,This media has been reported.Also with some senior European Union officials"Not to be named"The way made a comment.

　　但欧盟委员会主席巴罗佐和欧盟最高贸易官员古赫特至今仍守口如瓶一言不发，甚至连出面证实一下“消息是否属实”都没有。

但The European Union委员会主席巴罗佐和The European Union最高贸易官员古赫特至今仍守口如瓶一言不发,Even to confirm it"Whether the message is true"All have no.

　　可是，中国是被制裁、受损的一方，没理由不表明自己的观点。中国外交部新闻发言人9日表示：“希望双方本着建设性合作态度，通过对话与磋商妥善处理双边经贸关系中出现的摩擦和问题，希望欧方不要动辄使用贸易保护主义措施。”中国商务部新闻发言人同日也表态说，双方“合作空间巨大”，应“提升磋商级别”化解争端和矛盾。

可是,China is by sanctions/The damaged party,There is no reason to don't show their views.9, a Chinese foreign ministry spokesman said:"Hope that the two sides in line with the constructive and cooperative attitude,Through dialogue and consultations to properly handle problems in bilateral economic and trade relationship of friction and,Hope the eu will not using trade protectionist measures."China's commerce ministry spokesman said on the same day,The two sides"Large cooperation space",Should be"Level of ascension consultations"Resolve disputes and contradictions.

　　此间有分析认为，欧盟最高层领导不公开表态，目的是保持低调而不激怒中国。而中国方面公开表态用词温和，强调用对话的方式解决问题。这说明，双方都想在贸易战开打前再进行一些“外交斡旋”。

此间有分析认为,Top European Union officials don't publicly,Purpose is to keep a low profile and not angered China.While China has publicly milder,Stressed in dialogue way to solve the problem.This shows that,Both sides want to have some open trade war before"diplomacy".

　　初裁大限已近 欧盟明显要开战

初裁大限已近 The eu significantly

　　欧盟委员会去年9月6日决定对中国出口欧洲的光伏产品启动反倾销调查，两个月后的11月8日又决定对中国光伏产品进行反补贴调查。这就是牵动中欧贸易神经的“双反案”。    

The European Union委员会去年On September 6,决定对中国出口欧洲的光伏产品启动反倾销调查,After two months of November 8, and decided to anti-subsidy investigations for China's photovoltaic products.This is touched a nerve of china-eu trade"Double the case".    

　　按照欧盟的司法程序，欧委会对“双反案”的裁决分为初裁和终裁。反倾销案的初裁最后期限是今年6月6日，反补贴案的初裁最后期限是今年8月8日。两案终裁必须在今年12月完成。    

按照The European Union的司法程序,The European commission to"Double the case"Divided into preliminary and final decision.Anti-dumping cases of preliminary the deadline is June 6 this year,The preliminary countervailing case deadline is August 8 this year.Final two case must be completed in December this year.    

　　一位不愿公开姓名的欧盟贸易官员对记者说，随着6月6日大限日益临近，欧盟向中国不惜发动贸易战的迹象已十分明显。他甚至形象地说：“炸弹导火线呲呲地一个劲冒火花，老远就能闻到刺鼻的硝烟味了。”

一位不愿公开姓名的The European Union贸易官员对记者说,As the deadline looms on June 6th,Signs of European Union to China is willing to start a trade war was becoming apparent.He said even image:"Bomb fuses the white sparks strength,So I can smell the pungent smell of smoke."

　　惩罚税率视企业“配合”程度而定

惩罚税率视企业"To cooperate with"On the degree of

　　欧盟方面口头上虽未用强，但下手却一点都不软。据美国《华尔街日报》获得的一份欧委会文件副本显示，欧盟对中国光伏产品征收反倾销税的计划共涉及100多家光伏企业，对它们征税的税率不等，浮动范围在37%至68%之间，平均税率为47.6%。

The European Union方面口头上虽未用强,But it is not soft laid hands on him.According to the U.S.[The Wall Street journal]Obtain a copy of the commission documents show,The eu anti-dumping duties on Chinese photovoltaic products planning involved 100 photovoltaic companies,A tax rates depending on them,Floating range between 37% and 68%,Average rate is 47.6%.

　　特别需要关注的是，欧盟对中国企业征收关税税率的高低，不是依据这些企业对“欧盟倾销程度的大小”，而是根据它们对欧盟反倾销调查配合的好坏。应该说，在欧盟的反倾销调查过程中，多数中国企业都给予了积极配合，它们因此被征税的幅度相对较小，平均税率为47.6%。而那些“没好好配合”的公司的税率则最高可达67.9%。    

特别需要关注的是,The eu tariff on Chinese enterprises,Not according to these companies"The size of the eu dumping extent",But according to the eu anti-dumping investigation with them.It should be said,In the process of the eu's anti-dumping investigation,Most Chinese companies are actively cooperate with,They therefore be taxed amplitude is relatively small,Average rate is 47.6%.And those who"Didn't have a good cooperation"Company's tax rate is as high as 67.9%.    

　　在文件提到的上百家企业中，规模较大的龙头企业被征收的关税税率超过了48%：尚德太阳能电力有限公司为48.6%、江西赛维LDK为55.9%、天合光能公司为51.5%、晶澳太阳能公司为58.7%。

在文件提到的上百家企业中,Large-scale leading enterprises by tariff rate more than 48%:Suntech power co., LTD., is 48.6%/LDK is 55.9%/Trina solar company is 51.5%/Ja solar company is 58.7%.

　　是否重税五年 取决于年底终裁

是否重税五年 Depends on the final the end of the year

　　从法律角度讲，欧委会的决定到最终实施还有两步要走。

从法律角度讲,The commission's decision to the final implementation has two steps to go.

　　第一步，欧委会的文件已被分送到欧盟27个成员国，供各国政府进行研究。5月15日，由欧盟成员国贸易官员组成的反倾销委员会将在布鲁塞尔开会，对该文件内容进行讨论并投票表决。但投票结果只反映成员国的态度，对欧委会的决定没有约束力。也就是说，欧盟反倾销委员会的会议结果不影响欧委会先前的决定。    

The first步,The commission documents have been distributed to the eu's 27 member states,Study for governments.On May 15,,The anti-dumping committee consisting of members of the European Union trade officials will be meeting in Brussels,The file content is discussed and voted on.But the vote only reflect members' attitude,About the commission's decision is not binding.That is to say,The eu anti-dumping committee meeting results do not affect the commission earlier decision.    

　　第二步，如果欧委会不改变其决定，它只须将该决定6月6日前在《欧盟官方公报》正式予以公布即可。这样，欧盟对中国光伏产品征收反倾销关税的法令6月6日就正式生效了。    

In the second步,If the commission does not change its decision,It only will be the decision on June 6[The official gazette]Officially released.such,Eu to impose anti-dumping duties on China's photovoltaic products law go into effect on June 6.    

　　需要指出的是，即使欧盟这一决定6月6日正式实施了，其效力也是“临时的”，有效期为6个月，因为该案的终裁最后期限是今年12月。在这6个月内，欧盟和中国可以继续磋商，继续寻找和平解决贸易争端的方法。欧盟年底终裁时，结果可能更糟，即把这项临时性反倾销关税措施延长为有效期为5年的中长期措施。当然，结果也可能向好，要么降低税率，要么终止这项措施。

需要指出的是,Even if the eu's decision on June 6, officially implemented,Its effectiveness is also"temporary",Is valid for 6 months,For the case of the final deadline is December this year.In the 6 months,The eu and China can continue to negotiate,Continue to look for a peaceful solution to the trade dispute.When the final at the end of the eu,The results could be even worse,Where the temporary anti-dumping measures to medium - and long-term measures is valid for five years.Of course,,The results can also be positive,Or lower rates,Or termination of the measure.

　　英国《金融时报》引述了解德古赫特思路的消息人士的话说，德古赫特并未排除与中方达成和解的可能性。其中的可能性之一是“价格承诺”，即中国出口商同意就其在欧洲市场销售的产品设定某个最低价格。但迄今为止，利润已相当微薄的中国太阳能企业对这类计划兴趣不大。

英国[The financial times]Quoted to understand Mr DE gucht's thinking sources as saying,Mr DE gucht did not rule out the possibility of reconciliation with China.Is one of the possibilities"Price undertakings",Which Chinese exporters agreed to the sales of products in the European market set a lowest price.But so far,Profit is a small Chinese solar companies interested in this kind of plan.

　　欧盟只听自家企业的抱怨

The European Union只听自家企业的抱怨

　　最愿看到欧盟对中国光伏产品征收反倾销关税的企业，莫过于德国“太阳能世界公司”，而它也正是推动欧盟对中国同行进行“双反”调查的始作俑者。    

最愿看到The European Union对中国光伏产品征收反倾销关税的企业,Way to Germany"Solar energy companies in the world",And it is also pushing for their Chinese counterparts in the European Union"Double inverse"The inventors of the survey.    

　　“太阳能世界”是德国最大的太阳能公司，曾是欧洲光伏产业中的明星企业，但近年来经营状况每况愈下，2007年排名世界第7位，2011年下滑至第20位。2011年，其营业额虽达10.5亿欧元，但亏损额竟达3亿。“太阳能世界”将自己艰难处境的原因归结到中国同行身上，进而借助欧盟官方力量来打击中国竞争对手。    

"Solar world"Is Germany's largest solar company,Who is the European pv industry star enterprise,But operating conditions go from bad to worse in recent years,In 2007, ranked seventh in the world,Decline to 20, 2011.In 2011,,Although its turnover of 1.05 billion euros,But the loss of 300 million."Solar world"The reason your difficult situation due to their Chinese counterparts,Then with the help of the European Union official power to fight competitors in China.    

　　按照欧盟法律，欧委会受理的条件是，控诉方的企业产值必须超过欧盟内该行业产值的25%。为此，“太阳能世界”在欧盟成员国中四处拉拢盟友，2012年7月组建了“欧盟支持太阳能联盟”，凑足了告状所需的市场份额。    

按照The European Union法律,The commission accepts the condition is,Accused of enterprise value must be more than 25% of the industry output value within the eu.To do this,"Solar world"Within the European Union Allies,In July 2012 set up"Support solar alliance in the European Union",Fill the credit needs of the market.    

　　2012年7月24日，“欧盟支持太阳能联盟”正式向欧委会递交对中国光伏产业进行反倾销调查的立案申请。起诉书说，中国竞争对手拿了政府的廉价融资和财政补贴，以低于成本价的方式在欧盟市场大量倾销光伏产品，导致欧盟市场同类产品价格大幅下跌，已损害了欧盟光伏企业的利益。9月6日，古赫特宣布对中国光伏产品进行反倾销调查。    

2012年7月24日,"Support solar alliance in the European Union"Formally submitted to the commission on China's photovoltaic industry anti-dumping investigation cases.According to the complaint,Chinese competitors took cheap financing and government subsidies,Being dumped at below cost in the eu market a large number of photovoltaic products,Lead to the eu market similar products prices fall sharply,Have damaged the interests of the European photovoltaic enterprises.On September 6,,Mr. DE gucht said the anti-dumping investigation of Chinese photovoltaic products.    

　　今年3月，欧委会启动中国光伏产品自动登记制度。欧委会指出，欧盟调查小组掌握的初步证据充分证明：第一，中国光伏企业对欧盟市场实施了倾销行为；第二，中国向欧盟出口的光伏产品存在种类不同的政府补贴行为，包括国有银行政策性银行的优惠贷款信用额度出口信贷等；第三，中国对欧盟光伏产品出口的倾销与补贴行为已给欧盟相关产业造成了难以修补的损害。    

今年3月,The commission launched China's photovoltaic products automatic registration system.The European commission pointed out that,The investigation team to master the preliminary evidence fully proved:The first,China's photovoltaic enterprise dumping behavior were carried out for the eu market;In the second,China's exports to the eu pv products there are different kinds of government subsidies,Including preferential loans of state-owned Banks, policy Banks credit export credit, and so on;In the third,China's photovoltaic products are exported to the eu dumping and subsidies behavior has caused the related industry is difficult to repair the damage.    

　　事实真相如何，中国企业有自己的解释。天合光能公司副总裁杨晓忠在布鲁塞尔与记者进行座谈时说，天合光能之所以具有成本优势，技术进步是重要原因之一。截至2012年12月31日，公司在中国获得了426项专利。技术进步使公司光伏产品的能耗物耗显著下降。目前，生产每兆瓦（MW）组件所需电力从2008年的800.7MWH下降到2011年的281.8MWH，耗水量从2008年的8018立方米下降到2011年的2982立方米。 

事实真相如何,Chinese enterprises have their own interpretation.Yang Xiaozhong trina solar's vice President for discussion with reporters in Brussels said,Trina solar has a cost advantage,Technological progress is one of the important reasons.As of December 31, 2012,Company won 426 patents in China.Advances in technology have made a significant reduction in the company's photovoltaic products material consumptions of energy consumption.At present,Production per mw(MW)Components required power from 800.7 in 2008 MWH fell to 281.8 in 2011 MWH,Water consumption decreased from 8018 cubic metres in 2008 to $2011 by 2982 cubic meters. 

　　但中方企业代理律师伯努瓦·塞尔韦对记者说，古赫特判断中方是否向欧盟倾销光伏产品的标准是欧盟企业是否受到伤害，至于中国企业的说法和利益并非他考虑的主要因素。

但中方企业代理律师伯努瓦·塞尔韦对记者说,Mr. DE gucht whether China photovoltaic products to the eu dumping standard is whether the eu companies get hurt,As for the claims and interests of the Chinese enterprises is not he considered the main factors.

　　重挫中国企业 大损欧盟市场

重挫中国企业 Hit the European market

　　还没到6月6日，欧盟对中国光伏企业的大规模“双反”调查已影响了欧盟市场。3月以来，欧盟光伏产品价格已上涨了15%至20%。

还没到6月6日,European Union to China pv enterprises on a large scale"Double inverse"Investigation has influenced the eu market.Since march,The European photovoltaic products prices have risen 15% to 15%.

　　天合光能欧洲公共事务总监容思礼告诉记者，欧盟对中国光伏产品的注册要求加大了太阳能市场的不确定性，并对欧洲太阳能产业造成了重大消极影响。    

天合光能欧洲公共事务总监容思礼告诉记者,The registration requirements of China's photovoltaic products increased the uncertainty of solar market,And the solar industry in Europe had a huge negative impact.    

　　如果6月6日果真加征反倾销税，中国光伏产业受到的影响会非常大。中国商务部国际贸易谈判副代表崇泉指出了其中最主要的三点：第一，涉案金额大，光伏产品涉及中国企业200多亿美元的出口；第二，影响中国40万就业人口；第三，将打击清洁能源这一世界新兴产业，危害中国产业战略。

如果6月6日果真加征反倾销税,China's photovoltaic industry has received more influence is very big.China's ministry of commerce on behalf of chong quan, a vice-president of the international trade negotiation is pointed out that one of the most important three points:The first,Involve large sums of money involved,Photovoltaic products involving Chinese companies more than $200 in exports;In the second,Affect China's 400000 jobs;In the third,Will hit one of the world emerging clean energy industry,Harm to China's industrial strategy.

　　有分析认为，欧盟“双反案”裁决之后，中国光伏产业将面临生死抉择，甚至一半企业将破产。    

有分析认为,The European Union"Double the case"After the decision,China's photovoltaic industry will face a life and death choice,Even half of the enterprises will go bankrupt.    

　　欧盟企业受到的打击也不会小。

The European Union企业受到的打击也不会小.

　　代表欧洲450多家光伏产品消费类企业的行业协会——欧洲平价太阳能联盟（AFASE）5月8日发表声明说：“对中国光伏产品征收惩罚性关税，不管是何种水平，都将给整个欧洲光伏产业价值链带来不可逆转的破坏。15%的反倾销税就足以摧毁欧盟85%的光伏需求市场。”    

代表欧洲450多家光伏产品消费类企业的行业协会——欧洲平价太阳能联盟(AFASE)On May 8, said in a statement:"To impose punitive tariffs on Chinese solar products,No matter what the level,Will bring the European photovoltaic industry value chain irreversible damage.15% of the anti-dumping duty is enough to destroy 85% of the pv market demand in the European Union."    

　　AFASE还援引瑞士巴塞尔预测研究所的一项调查结果说，欧盟对中国光伏产品征收惩罚性关税后，将导致欧盟消费者对光伏产品的安装及相关服务的需求大量减少，从而减少就业岗位。如果加征20%的关税，欧盟3年内将失去17.5万个就业机会；如果加税60%，欧盟3年内将失去24.2万个就业岗位。    

AFASE还援引瑞士巴塞尔预测研究所的一项调查结果说,After the European Union to impose punitive tariffs on Chinese photovoltaic products,Will lead to the European consumer demand for installation of photovoltaic products and related services,To reduce jobs.If imposing a 20% tariff,The eu three years will lose 175000 jobs;If the tax increases by 60%,The eu three years will lose 242000 jobs.    

　　实施贸易反制 中国手中有牌

实施贸易反制 The CARDS in the hand

　　中国商务部新闻发言人姚坚9日表示，中方坚决反对欧盟对中国光伏产品设限，希望欧方慎重裁决此案。他说：“我们不希望看到贸易战。但如果欧方对光伏产品设限，我们也将切实维护中国企业的利益。”

中国商务部新闻发言人姚坚9日表示,China firmly opposes restrictions on China's photovoltaic products in the European Union,Hope that the eu ruled the case carefully.He said:"We don't want to see a trade war.But if the eu limit of photovoltaic products,We will also to safeguard the interests of Chinese enterprises."

　　如果实施贸易战反击，中国手中可打的牌，首先就是对欧盟的多晶硅产品加征惩罚性关税。

如果实施贸易战反击,Chinese who can play card,The first is for the European Union polysilicon products import tariffs.

　　中国商务部去年11月1日决定对原产于欧盟的太阳能级多晶硅进行反倾销和反补贴立案调查。这是在欧盟对华光伏产品进行“双反”立案的背景下，中国国家支持中国光伏企业的反制措施。    

中国商务部去年11月1日决定对原产于The European Union的太阳能级多晶硅进行反倾销和反补贴立案调查.This is in the European Union to China pv products"Double inverse"Under the background of case,China's state-backed China pv enterprises countermeasures.    

　　中国对欧盟多晶硅的“双反”调查已经完成。至于什么时候公布结果并对其征收反倾销税，可能还要观察欧盟对中国光伏产品如何最终裁决。

中国对The European Union多晶硅的"Double inverse"Investigation has been completed.As for when will the results and the anti-dumping duties,May have to observe how the eu on China's photovoltaic products final decision.